The college was established on 15 August 1956, on the occasion of the 10th independence day of India. The college was started with 50 undergraduate students in a small Nizam Bungalow in the cantonment area of the city, while infectious, obstetrics & ophthalmology wards were located at Amkhas in the other part of the city. The foundation stone for the present main building of the medical college was laid down by then chief minister of Bombay State, Yashwantrao Chavan, in presence of Swami Ramanand Teerth, on 27 October 1957. The building was inaugurated by Sushila Nayyar, then Minister of Health, Government of India, on 20 June 1964. Various other buildings were added to the campus over a period of time. For initial few batches, after completing the first year in the college students had to go to Government Medical College, Nagpur, to complete their second and final year of MBBS curriculum. From its inception till 1963, the college was affiliated to Osmania University, Hyderabad. After 1963, it was affiliated to the newly formed Marathwada University (now Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University) located at Aurangabad.
