Udham Singh (1899-1940) was an Indian revolutionary and freedom fighter known for his assassination of Sir Michael O’Dwyer, the former Lieutenant Governor of Punjab, in London in 1940. His act of assassination was in retaliation for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919, in which hundreds of innocent Indians were killed by British troops under the command of General Reginald Dyer. Here’s an overview of his life and actions:

1. Early Life: Udham Singh was born on December 26, 1899, in Sunam, Punjab, which was then part of British India. He belonged to a Punjabi family and witnessed the atrocities of the British colonial regime during his early years.
2. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre: Singh was deeply affected by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre that took place on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, Punjab. The brutal massacre, in which British troops fired upon unarmed civilians, left a lasting impact on him.
3. Overseas Travel: In 1933, Udham Singh traveled to London, where he became involved in various activities related to the Indian independence movement. He adopted the pseudonym “Ram Mohammed Singh Azad” to avoid British surveillance.
4. Assassination of Michael O’Dwyer: On March 13, 1940, Udham Singh assassinated Sir Michael O’Dwyer, who had been the Lieutenant Governor of Punjab during the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. Singh shot O’Dwyer during a meeting of the East India Association at Caxton Hall in London. He was immediately arrested.
5. Motive: Singh’s act of assassination was an act of revenge for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, which he viewed as a grievous injustice against the Indian people. In court, he declared that he had no regret for his actions and wanted to make sure that the world knew the truth about the massacre.
6. Trial and Execution: Udham Singh was put on trial for the murder of Michael O’Dwyer. He was found guilty and sentenced to death. On July 31, 1940, he was executed in London’s Pentonville Prison.
7. Legacy: Udham Singh’s act of assassination drew attention to the horrors of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and brought international scrutiny to British colonial atrocities in India. He is considered a martyr in the Indian independence movement, and his actions continue to be commemorated in India.

Udham Singh’s determination to seek justice for the victims of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and his willingness to sacrifice his life for the cause of Indian independence have made him a symbol of resistance and a hero in India’s struggle for freedom.