Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964) was a prominent Indian nationalist leader, statesman, and the first Prime Minister of independent India. He played a crucial role in India’s struggle for independence from British colonial rule and was a central figure in shaping the nation’s political, economic, and social landscape after gaining independence. Here is an overview of his life and contributions:

1. Early Life and Education: Jawaharlal Nehru was born on November 14, 1889, in Allahabad, India, into a prominent political family. He was educated in India and later went on to study in the United Kingdom, where he attended Harrow School and later Trinity College, Cambridge.
2. Involvement in the Freedom Movement: Nehru was deeply influenced by the ideals of the Indian National Congress and the freedom movement led by Mahatma Gandhi. He became an active participant in the struggle for India’s independence, advocating for civil disobedience and non-violence.
3. Leadership Role: Nehru played a significant leadership role within the Indian National Congress. He served as the President of the Congress party several times and was a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi.
4. Prime Minister of India: After India gained independence from British rule on August 15, 1947, Nehru became the country’s first Prime Minister. He held this position from 1947 until his death in 1964.
5. Domestic Policies: As Prime Minister, Nehru laid the foundation for India’s democratic institutions and introduced a series of socio-economic reforms. His vision included building a modern and industrialized India, focusing on scientific and technological advancements, and implementing land reforms to address issues of inequality and poverty.
6. Non-Alignment: Nehru was a key figure in the Non-Aligned Movement, a group of nations that chose not to align with any major power bloc during the Cold War. He advocated for peaceful coexistence and non-interference in the internal affairs of other nations.
7. Foreign Policy: Nehru’s foreign policy was characterized by a commitment to peaceful coexistence, solidarity with other newly independent nations, and a strong emphasis on decolonization. He was instrumental in shaping India’s international identity and influence.
8. Legacy: Jawaharlal Nehru’s contributions to India’s political, social, and economic development are widely recognized. He is often referred to as the “Architect of Modern India” for his role in shaping the country’s democratic institutions and policies.
9. Death: Nehru passed away on May 27, 1964, leaving a significant void in Indian politics. His daughter, Indira Gandhi, later became Prime Minister and played a prominent role in Indian politics.

Jawaharlal Nehru’s leadership and vision continue to have a lasting impact on India’s identity as a democratic, secular, and independent nation. His birthday, November 14th, is celebrated as Children’s Day in India in his honor, reflecting his love for children and his commitment to their welfare and education.